Things, Plants & Foods Dangerous to Dogs

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Protecting your dog begins with knowing which household items, foods and plants can make them sick. This comprehensive guide explains the toxic substances lurking in your pantry and garden and what to do if your pet gets into them.
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Our canine companions are curious by nature. Unfortunately, the human world is full of foods, plants and everyday objects that can seriously harm a dog when ingested. Below you’ll find an up-to-date overview of edible and non-edible dangers backed by veterinary sources, plus guidance on what to do if your dog eats something they shouldn’t.

Abstract illustration of a dog surrounded by leaves and caution symbols
Seemingly harmless plants and foods can pose hidden dangers to dogs.

Edible dangers

Chocolate, coffee and caffeine can cause abnormal heart rhythms, tremors and seizures. Grapes and raisins may cause kidney failure. Onions, garlic and chives damage red blood cells. Macadamia nuts lead to weakness and tremors. Xylitol, found in sugar-free gum and peanut butter, causes rapid insulin release and can trigger hypoglycaemia and liver injury. High-salt snacks and fatty foods can cause pancreatitis or salt toxicity.

Non-food household hazards

Antifreeze, rat poison, insecticides, fertilizers, cocoa mulch, cleaning products, nicotine products and marijuana edibles can all be fatal. Keep them locked away and spills cleaned immediately.

Poisonous plants

Oleander (heart toxins), aloe vera (vomiting, diarrhoea), azaleas and rhododendrons (neurologic effects), daffodils and tulip bulbs (respiratory depression), and sago palm (liver failure) are especially dangerous. Many others like lilies, foxglove and castor bean are also harmful.

What to do if your dog eats something toxic

Remove access to the substance and call your veterinarian or poison hotline immediately. Do not induce vomiting unless instructed. Some toxins are more dangerous coming back up. Activated charcoal may be used by vets to bind toxins but must be administered under supervision. If unconscious, seizing or struggling to breathe, go to emergency care immediately.

Be prepared: A first-aid kit can buy precious time. Useful supplies include:

Activated Charcoal Powder
Activated charcoal powder
Illustration of a dog with a first-aid kit
A pet first-aid kit can save precious minutes during an emergency.

Prevention tips

  • Store medications, cleaning products and food securely.
  • Fence off toxic plants.
  • Educate family not to feed scraps.
  • Supervise outdoor play.
  • Schedule regular vet check-ups.

Further reading

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